Bottisham Second Millennium
Page 13 of 69
this period that saw much nucleation of the hamlets and the
continuing development of the open field system, started at an
earlier time. Was the Jewish quarter in Bottisham destroyed in
the racial riots of the early thirteenth century? By the end of
the century expulsion of the Jews from the country probably
came as a relief.
When Edward I returned to England from Gascony the
king required an assessment of all things pertaining to him.
The resulting documents were known as “Rotuli
Hundredorum”, or “Hundred Rolls”. The importance of the
1279 A.D. “Hundred Rolls” of Edward I (1272-1307) has been
discussed by Hailstone (1837). The documents show the
Priory at the Island of Angerhale (later Anglesey ?) had a
hamlet important enough for men, as was the custom, to take
their surname from the group of houses where they lived. We
find a
Thomas, William, Martin, and a Richard, all of de
Angerhale; indeed Richard is recorded as the son of James
and Martin the son of Thomas of Angerhale. Before the
draining of the fens the area to the north of Bottisham, then
known as Bottisham Lode, was a poorly drained area, mostly
marshy, which accounted for the personal names of Simon
de
la
More, Wymo
de la More and Martin de la Mare (or More).
The surname, Marsh, was common. Other names relating to
local conditions, such as John de Langmede or Langmeadow,
are found in the records. By the fourth century there are
distinct references to development of the various hamlets. In
addition to Anglesey the manor of Tonbridge was established
as a religious house and the manors of Allingtons and of Vaux
can be recognised. In 1302 the manor of Vaux was possessed
by Robert de Vaux and Alice, his wife, but subsequently lost
through high treason. When the manor of Vaux was united to
that of Allingtons the joint manors eventually passed into the
hands of the Jenyns family, as will be explained later. Another